Keyword: Cardiovascular Disease
1 result found.
Original Article
Epidemiology and Health Data Insights, 2(4), 2026, ehdi044, https://doi.org/10.63946/ehdi/18794
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality and disability in Central Asia. This study analyzes trends in CVD burden across nine countries from 1990 to 2021, identifies major subtypes, explores sex and country-level disparities, and forecasts trends through 2050.
Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study to assess age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASYRs) for CVDs and their subtypes in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Forecasts were generated using GBD reference and alternative risk-reduction scenarios.
Results: In 2021, the average ASDR for CVDs in the region was 436.1 per 100,000 population, nearly twice that for respiratory infections and tuberculosis. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke accounted for 89% of total CVD deaths. Turkmenistan reported the highest ASDR (552.2 per 100,000), while Armenia reported the lowest (314.8 per 100,000). Kazakhstan had the highest stroke-related ASDR at 163.0 per 100,000. Men experienced 1.5 times higher ASDR (538.2 vs. 365.7 per 100,000) and ASYR (10966.6 vs. 6807.5 per 100,000) than women. While most countries reduced ASDRs from 1990 to 2021, Uzbekistan showed a 0.7% increase. Forecasts project a regional decline in ASDR by 2050 in both improved-risk-factor and reference scenarios.
Conclusion: CVDs remain the dominant health burden in Central Asia. Evidence-based prevention, improved hypertension control, and health system strengthening are essential to achieving future gains and reducing premature cardiovascular mortality.
Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study to assess age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASYRs) for CVDs and their subtypes in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Forecasts were generated using GBD reference and alternative risk-reduction scenarios.
Results: In 2021, the average ASDR for CVDs in the region was 436.1 per 100,000 population, nearly twice that for respiratory infections and tuberculosis. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke accounted for 89% of total CVD deaths. Turkmenistan reported the highest ASDR (552.2 per 100,000), while Armenia reported the lowest (314.8 per 100,000). Kazakhstan had the highest stroke-related ASDR at 163.0 per 100,000. Men experienced 1.5 times higher ASDR (538.2 vs. 365.7 per 100,000) and ASYR (10966.6 vs. 6807.5 per 100,000) than women. While most countries reduced ASDRs from 1990 to 2021, Uzbekistan showed a 0.7% increase. Forecasts project a regional decline in ASDR by 2050 in both improved-risk-factor and reference scenarios.
Conclusion: CVDs remain the dominant health burden in Central Asia. Evidence-based prevention, improved hypertension control, and health system strengthening are essential to achieving future gains and reducing premature cardiovascular mortality.
